Reflection Essay Writing Essay

English 98was a very informative and interesting class. It was taught by professor Rall, who is a wonderful person and excellent teacher. We covered lots of criteria material and discussed topics during the tenure of the class. We also learned many new ideas about the incidents going on in our country, which were great for us. Reading skills were also honed while reading various essays and stories. Essay writing was a major part of the class. We wrote essay on processed food and gun control, and gay matters. Each essay taught us about a different style or form of writing. I can honestly say my essay skills have improved tremendously over the course of this year thanks to the many skills learned in this class ; however, I do feel I need more practice in timed essay. We read our peers essays, correct the grammatical errors, gave suggestions to word placement, and sentence usage. Reviewing and correctional skills learned will be very helpful in the future as we continue to write essays during college. Seeing other people correct my essays helped me view my essays from different viewpoints. Sometimes letting someone else read your paper can help you come up with an idea to use in your paper that you might not have noticed before. I fell your class was very informative and i believe there is nothing to be changed. The way you discussed problems our world is going threw today made me get more engaged in the subjects. I feel my high school English classes were wasted because my teachers did not care, I was kicked out my junior year and I was sent to adult school. All we did was work out of the book, I was accepted back to my school my senior year. When i got sent back to high school i had a teacher who had our class engaged in the subject, I passed the class with an A+. You remind me of him and I enjoyed your class.

Social Studies Sba on Alcohol Abuse

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The successful completion of this study is as a result of the helping hands of numerous individuals. I thank the people of Community X for their massive cooperation in answering the questionnaires given. Also , to my friends, who helped with the distribution of the questionnaires and my family for the giving me the hope and strength to persevere. Lastly, much gratitude is extended to my teacher for guiding me in every step of the way throughout my investigations.Social studies SCHOOL BASED ASSESSEMENT (S. B. A. ) [pic] Statement of the Problem What are the causes, effects and solutions of the usage of alcohol amongst individuals of Community X? Method of Investigation I have chosen the questionnaire as a means of collecting data to carry out the survey.The questionnaire has numerous advantages which include the following: †¢ It is done at the convenience of the person completing it. †¢ Requires very little time to be completed. †¢ Guarantees confiden tiality , since no names are required. Instrument used to collect Data Copy Of Questionnaire Survey of alcohol usage among individuals in Community X. Dear Villager,This is a survey being carried out in Community X to determine the level of alcohol usage among individuals in the community. This study I am currently pursuing, is conducted as an assignment for a Social Studies course. I advise you to answer the questions given, truthfully and honestly since you are not required to write names.There are no wrong or right answers as this is not a test. Most answers require a tick in the small boxes provided ; read the questions carefully. Villager’s Questionnaire 1. Sex Male Female 2. What is your occupation? ____________ 3. To what Ethnic group do you belong?African Descent Chinese Descent Indian Descent Mixed Descent 4. How long have you been a member of Community X? __________________ 5. To what age group do you belong? Under 12 12-14 15-16 17-19 6.As a youth, which of the following influences you to consume alcohol? Peer pressure For the fun of it Out of curiosity Depression 7. When do you often consume alcohol? Special Occasions Partying To gain popularity I do not drink alcohol . Do problems in the home contribute to students drinking alcohol? Yes No 9. What normally happens when you consume alcoholic beverages? I feel tipsy I feel normal I have headaches I do not drink alcohol 10. How do you think the students of Community X get alcoholic beverages?It is made available at community shops An older sibling/friend is asked to purchase it for them They steal it away They are given the consent 11. What is the most common effect caused by drinking? STD’s Being an alcoholic Having Heart disease Death 2. What effect does known cases of alcohol drinking in Community X, have on the rest of its population? _________________________________________________ . 13. How does alcohol consumption affect a student’s academic performance? T hey work less Nothing is done They work harder They give up on school 14. Do students who drink alcohol show signs of aggressive behaviour? Yes No 15.What do you suggest to your fellow community members who have already started to drink? Tone down their intake Drink responsibly Stop drinking Seek professional help 16. Should the age of consent for drinking be increased? Yes No 17. Do you think Rehabilitation Centers should be considered for alcoholics?Yes, but it will not be fully effective No, It will not help Let them suffer the consequences Have counsel sessions instead Presentation and Interpretation of Data [pic]Fig 1. The causes of alcohol consumption is simply represented in Fig 1; this figure briefly explains that 45% of the people in Community X consume alcoholic beverages for minor influences as the simple fun and njoyment that comes with the pleasures of drinking. One the other hand, 20% indicate that the partake of the activity as a result of Peer Pressure where individu als, mostly teenagers, drink because they either think it is â€Å"cool† or o prove a point. However, 30% population specified that they â€Å"drink† for the little curiosity of finding out what other individuals get, feel or benefit from it, this being. Mainly just experimenting the activity. A smaller 5% say they drink alcohol because of Depression because alcohol is known to somewhat relieve the stress that causes Depression. pic]Fig2 Whereby the effects of consuming Alcohol are concerned, almost half of the population indicate that no harm is done, as 55% of them feel normal after their intake of the substance. And so, this could be one of the reasons, the level of consumption in the community should be monitored. 5 % of them say they feel tipsy, an eerie felling, that may cause them to intake alcohol regularly. However, a few of them seem to be affected as 10% of the population state that they have headaches which may discourage them to do so. Another 10% indicate that they simply do not drink alcohol, mainly because of religion and other personal reasons. pic]Fig3 In order to manage the level of alcohol usage in Community X. Fig 3 shows that 70% of Its members indicate that the individuals who already drinking, should drink responsibly Suggesting that they should look at the consequences of whether it be becoming an alcoholic or getting drunk. Another 15% say they these individuals should simply tone down their intake of by drinking less of the substance.On the other hand, the remainder of the population , 15%, indicated more drastic measures to the solution. Fig 3 shows that 10% of them say people should just stop drinking while the other 5% believe they should seek professional help. These responses therefore can be interpreted as the respondents knowing someone who drink too much.Procedures Used to Collect Data Community X has an estimated number of 130 individuals; due to calculations, it was discovered that 15% of the population was needed in order to gather possible causes, effects, and solutions to the level of alcohol usage in the community. That is, ( 15% of 130 =20 ) Therefore, a total of 35 questionnaires were distributed with the expectation that at least 20 would be returned. Later, it was decided that the questionnaires be given to random personnel.This resulted in the recording of information on each individual on small pieces of paper, placed in a box, shaken and a total of 35 slips were selected. Therefore, 35 individuals received a copy of the questionnaire, were successfully completed and left in my mailbox 4 Hart Rd. Cheleston Gardens. Findings The survey carried out resulted in numerous interesting discoveries due to the level of alcohol usage in Community X. These state: Alcohol is consumed mainly through social activities where 70% of the individuals indicate that they partake of alcoholic beverages when â€Å"partying†. †¢ The most common effect known caused by drinking is neutral between 1. Becoming an alcoholic 2. Being sexually active at an early age. Which was I therefore observed that the questionnaires have revealed a 50-50% ratio. †¢ The individuals of Community X believe that in order for the level of alcohol be decreased, Rehabilitation Centers should be established.However, all 100% of the people who agree, stated that it will not be fully effective for the common reason that the alcoholics will not endure the necessary procedures that will be required. Recommendations The level of alcohol usage should not be taken lightly, as many young people in Community X are partaking of the activity when are far too young to be drinking.That said, I would recommend to this community that the decreasing level of alcohol us be accomplished through two simple objectives. These objectives include: ? Allowing adults of the community to take on leadership qualities whereby they look out for children who they see with alcoholic beverages and hinder them from c onsuming it. More specifically to shopkeepers, since in recent survey it is proven that most individuals especially children receive alcohol by the availability of such beverages in the community shops. Talk to individuals about drinking as little talks can do great things. There are people who are willing to listen. Parents will see to it that their children go to these sessions and ensure that they understand the dangers of drinking. ———————– Pie Chart Showing Causes Of Alcohol Consumption 20% 30% 5% 45% Peer Pressure Out of Curiosity Depression For the fun of it Chart Showing Effects of Alcohol Consumption In Community X. I feel tipsy 25% I have headaches 10% I feel normal 55% I do not drink alcohol 10% I feel tipsy I have headaches I feel normal I do not drink alcohol

Bmw Research Paper Essay

BMW is enhancing the travel experience for drivers and passengers while also launching a series of new platforms The BMW Group – one of Germany’s largest industrial companies – is also one of the most successful car and motorcycle manufacturers in the world and 2011 was its best year to date. With almost 1. 7 million vehicles sold, the BMW Group is the world’s leading premium manufacturer in terms of sales volume. Its three automobile brands, BMW, MINI and Rolls-Royce, and the BMW and Husqvarna motorcycles brands led to record sales of â‚ ¬68. 8bn. During 2011, the company introduced five new BMW models across the 1,3,5 and 6 series as well as the Mini Coupe and the Rolls-Royce 102EX, the first electric vehicle in the ultra-luxury segment. In addition, the company also launched a new sub brand – BMW i – that includes the i3 all-electric and i8 plug-in hybrid concept cars due for launch in 2013. However, as well as selling more products than ever and expanding production capacity, especially for the all-important China market, the company also kicked off a number of strategic partnerships for the future. These included the start of the BMW Peugeot Citroen Electrification joint venture, the acquisition of a strategic investment in SGL Carbon SE and the cooperation with Toyota Motor Corporation in basic research for battery cell technology. Although a significant manufacturer, BMW is not part of a larger company like its main competitor Audi. As BMW invests heavily in innovation to continue to produce the ultimate driving experience, keeping its power options open is key, so as the shift towards electric continues to gather speed these development partnerships are vital elements in the company’s growth strategy.

Stakeholder management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stakeholder management - Essay Example Stakeholder management is a central part of any organisation. Stakeholders act as agents, sponsors and partners in the business strategy and change process. Stakeholders include the customers, employees, suppliers, creditors and the society in general. Stakeholders interests differ from those of the shareholders thus organisations should balance the two conflicting interests in order to ensure long term growth and survival of the business. This paper will discuss stakeholder management at Unilever and how the stakeholders have responded to the approach. Stakeholder management at Unilever Introduction Stakeholder management ensures that all those affected by the decisions of the company are considered in the decision making process (Huber & Pallas, 2006). Examples of stakeholders include the employees, the government, the suppliers, creditors, trade unions, customers, and the general community. On the other hand, shareholders are the real owners of the business since they have provide d the capital thus their major interest is maximise their wealth through increased profitability and share prices. According to the modern stakeholder management theory, managers are considers as agents of the stakeholders. Stakeholders may be individuals or constituencies that contribute either directly or indirectly to the wealth creation activities of the firm and who also act as potential beneficiaries or risk bearers depending on the strategic decisions made by the management. Stakeholder management is therefore geared at developing and implementing organisation-wide practices and policies that address the needs, concerns and goals of all relevant stakeholders (Huber & Pallas, 2006). One of the leading companies in stakeholder management is Unilever. The company’s brands aim at assisting billions of people improve their health and wellbeing. Some products include affordable bathing soaps, ice creams and luxurious shampoos that care for the households. Some brands such as Lifebuoy, Omo, Blueband and Sunlight have attained global recognition and customer loyalty. Sustaining close relationships with stakeholders is one of the priorities of Unilever. The management of stakeholders involves building and strengthening relationships with all stakeholders through identifying the stakeholders’ needs and monitoring the changing needs. The company has implemented the Sustainable Living Plan that enables the company identity the needs of the stakeholders, diverse tastes and provides information on new products (Kazmi, 2008). The company operates consumer care lines, websites and campaigns that aim at collecting information from consumers. The company has strengthened relationships with the civil society and local governments through engaging the governments on matters such as nutrition and public policy. Unilever has partnered with non-governmental organisations such as Oxfam, UNICEF and World Food Programme in improving the hygiene, sanitation and acce ss to clean drinking water thus satisfying the interests of the local communities. Unilever has addressed the interests of the direct stakeholders such as the customers, suppliers, employees and market partners. For instance, employees receive fair salaries, bonuses and commissions for their efforts in the organisation. Unilever treats all employees with dignity and respect and ensures individual interests are aligned with the overall strategic objectives of the organisation. Employees are assisted with credit facilities such as mortgages, short term loans and sick leave pay that also extend to the immediate dependants. The company has improved the working conditions through implementing properly documented health and safety policies and procedures that aim at reducing work related accidents. The job design and career growth opportunities aim at ensuring all workers attain self esteem and self actualization through exploiting their full potential. For the suppliers, Unilever has bus iness policies that ensure equality in

Opera and Singing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Opera and Singing - Assignment Example This is a feeling that makes a singer to enjoy his or her performance while on stage and it also produces the best sound and full concentration. Singing opera requires high vocal technique and the teachers normally test the ability of a young singer to absorb the kinesthetic understanding (Terry, n.p). The training enables a singer to grasp the different elements that make a good opera singer like mastering the important notes and keys to hit. The interview inspires me to venture into other genres of art in order to fit in the foreign theatre experience across Europe and America. I have gained knowledge about opera singing and this has inspired me. I think a person needs to explore his or her talents and concentrate on it to be the best. It is encouraging that Zajick was to be a medical student when she discovered her talent in opera and later changed her career. Being a Chinese, I knew nothing about opera music and the interview has exposed to this new revelation. The interview is also educative because it reveals different aspects about opera singing in which Zajick shares her experiences (Terry, n.p). The singer also educates the audience on various elements that make a good opera singer, body language, pitch levels and the kinesthetic awareness. The interview can help upcoming singers to acquire new skills and insights about the industry and the performances. However, the discussions do not apply to me and my attitude towards opera and singing. This is because opera is not a common genre in my country and people know very little about the songs. I think singing and opera is an exciting experience because of the numerous notes involved when performing. According to Zajick, a singer to dedicate time to master the notes in order to make an electrifying performance and this requires those who are fans of the genre. It is apparent that before watching the interview, I had no knowledge or experience about opera and singing, but

Organizational Behavior Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational Behavior - Term Paper Example It is mainly the human resource department that has to develop diversity related program. However, organizational diversity is not possible without the support of the senior management. Firms that are able to embrace this diversity and over that realize the benefits from it are the ones that benefit from such workforce diversity. Large multinational today are working with employees coming from different culture and countries and they are successful at the same time. Communication is the exchange of information or ideas from one party to another. Organizations cannot operate if there is no effective communication. It is the life source in any company because the organization is made of people who need to interact in order to work together. It creates mutual trust and understanding among the management and the employees else the production can come to a halt with ambiguous information and miscommunication (Daft, 2001). Effective communication helps to promulgate and clear the goals and interests of the organization in all the workers. For example if there is no effective communication then the employees would not know the goals therefore they will not work hard to achieve them which will impact the productivity. They will not know their responsibility, the supervisor will not be able to give feedback to the employees, and the manager will not be able to train the employees. The effects of absence of effective communication are endless, as the organization increases in size communication can end up being part of diseconomies of scale. This is why firms tend to focus on the communication channels in an organization be it a small or large business. Business ethics is the behavior of the firms in dealing with their day to day operations. This is related to morals and principles. This principle is not confined towards the interaction of a business enterprise towards the economy as a whole but also towards a single individual. The concept gained more popularity in the 21st century due to the awareness in people as well as the emergence of pressure groups who are taking an active role in standing against such corporations who are violating the laws pertaining to their business ethics (Robbins & Judge, 2004). There are many top global brands around the world that have been fined millions of dollars as they have broken the ethical and antitrust laws. Apart from that they have a negative reputation among the consumers. The problem is that the amount of dollars that they get fined is way less than what they earn therefore they continue with their way of doing business. This indicates that money is the driving force in all this. The businesses gain in the short term but on the whole it undermines the economy. US Rep. David Scott was fined by the state ethics commission $7500 for the use of campaign money for the personal use. This was against the ethics commission.Change management is a common word used in organizations these days. It is a systematic way of incorporating the change within an organization for the most effective outcomes. An organization has to implement the changes in the

Mean World Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mean World Syndrome - Essay Example ..It used to be the parent, the school, the church, the community. Now it's a handful of global conglomerates that have nothing to tell, but a great deal to sell.† It is without doubt that back in the days when the media was not as full blown as it is now, meaningful stories used to be told by individuals such as: parents; guardians; teachers at school; church leaders; community members. However, that changed since the inception and the optimization of the media. As of now, the media can be in a position to tell stories in the manner that they would like to tell it regardless of the impact that the story will have on the viewers and/ or the audience. In addition to that, the media has the capability to manipulate stories and events in the manner which in most occurrences it will always be to their gain; that is to have a â€Å"great deal to sell† (â€Å"George Gerbner Leaves the Mean World Syndrome†) As cited from Murrey (2008), Warr, a professor of sociology, men tioned that the media has taken the centrefold to showcase that the world we live in is indeed very dangerous with regard to violence and crimes. Warr added that, "What makes fear of crime so important as a social problem is its consequences for our society. When people take precautions based on fear that restrict their life and their children’s lives, we restrict our freedom and we do so unnecessarily. Fear also undermines the civility and trust in our communities that make civic life possible, and that’s a terrible consequence for a democratic society†. When this scenario is applied in real life, a parent may think and conceptualize in their mind that the world is indeed very cruel for their child. As a result, they may end up being very over protective to their child such that they cannot engage in social activities such as shopping, going to the movies, going to visit friends and so on. As such, the parent unknowingly ends up withdrawing their child from the world in a bid to â€Å"protect† them while in actual sense they are causing harming to the child – that is, the child cannot engage in social activities and this may lead to depression and other forms of seclusion. However, this scenario is different for those individuals and/ or children who do not watch much of television. They tend to not be affected by the mean world syndrome. This is because instead of getting advice from the media, they get it through their elders by communicating to them what challenges they are facing. As such, they get a review and a reality of the world from a personal level. There are countless channels through which mass media content can be viewed from. Movies can now be viewed either at the cinemas, at home through kits such as Cable TV, Pay TV, Blue Ray, VCR and DVD. As such, this increases the audience reach that is going to gain access to such entertainment forums. For example, if an individual prefers to view media content through Bl ue Ray, then they will watch what they prefer through Blue Ray; the same goes for those who have VCR’s and DVD’s – they can be in a position to choose what media form suites them best. Through that, the media has managed to cultivate fear to their audiences through a variety of horrific films as well as films that project ethnic

Corporate Training Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Corporate Training Methods - Essay Example In the online environment learning is group paced, so all participants must be able to learn information at about the same speed. Self-paced technology training is often provided when new applications, systems or business processes are incorporated. Most employees participate in technology training in â€Å"the context of their employment, and they usually engage in conversations about the course with colleagues and managers†(Dobrovolny). I prefer this method of technology training for most most employees. As a manager or supervisor I will make sure that either someone within my organization knows enough about the new process or technology that will be used or I will bring in a professional who is experienced with it. I want employees to feel comfortable in their own environments while learning. I also want to encourage them to ask questions and to make learning something new that they may use on their jobs, as a positive experience. The best way to engage employees in the lea rning process is to provide them will all the tools such as workstations, computers and software they will need. I must also ensure that each employee works at his or her own pace, as the goal for the technology training is competency, not speed.

Stratification by Gender and Agege Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stratification by Gender and Agege - Essay Example To make this discipline work, theoretical frameworks in the form of theories are used to explain and analyze social actions, structures and various social processes. These theories aid in organizing social research. It is imperative to realize the significance of these theories not only to develop a positive attitude towards life and society but also to modulate the situation so as to add meaning to it in a cognitive and overall holistic development (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). Sociological theories explaining stratification by gender and age are based on theoretical assumptions encompassing positivism, materialism, idealism, determinism, individualism and free will (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). They provide an attitude towards critical thinking that includes rationality, logic, objectivity and knowledge (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). It is an essential tool used by scholars to analyze the society and therefore these are interdisciplinary, drawing ideas from and contributing to various disciplines of human endeavor (Stark, 2007). Gender responsibilities require proper behavior, attitudes and activities of both males and females in the society. The social theories defining stratification by gender signify women as an oppressed majority group and must be feminine, soft, emotional, sweet and submissive while boys or males must be masculine, aggressive in temperament, tough, daring and dominant (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). ... Women perform the roles of being expressive and emotionally supportive while men take the role of being instrumental and practical (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). According to the conflict response of the sociological theory there is no parallel power relationship between men and women. Women are always considered as the weaker gender and men have a dominant position over women. This difference is due to suppression of women by men (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). According to the feminist perspective, in capitalist societies, women's subordination in injustice and exploitation is prevalent. This has gained pace with the rise in private property during industrialization (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). The dominance of men is also seen in the interaction theory which states that men are more likely to change topics of conversation or rather ignore topics chosen by women. The theory further states that if the idea is given by a women then it doesn't gain much appreciation rather women are always interrupted (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). The stratification by gender also brings focus on the ideology of sexism which states that one sex (male) is superior to other (female). It also encompass discrimination and male prejudice leading to sexual harassment. Sexual harassment also involves work benefits, favors, touching, lewd comments and thereby creating hostile environment (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). This stratification is prevalent all over the world and therefore women remain in second-class position in major part of the world especially in the developing countries and are exploited for labor (Schaefer, R, 5th Ed). The gender stratification is also prevalent in developed nations like US but still is underrepresented in occupations defined as "men's jobs" which keep

Review of Technology Opportunities for GLM's Information Systems Research Paper

Review of Technology Opportunities for GLM's Information Systems Management 2012-2017 - Research Paper Example This new technology has been seen to have a lot of potential. With the advent of information technology, there is a lot to be desired with the adoption of mobile applications. The mobile phone technology is proving to be a simple and effective method of managing applications and businesses. There is also the technology of customer relationship management software that has been used and employed extensively. With the use of this enterprise software, it is simple to manage the relationship that the organization has with the clients. It is good to know what the clients require. This paper will look at the role that the three technologies have on GLM Company. It will assess the role that these three technologies have. Introduction There have been some trends which have boosted the growth of enterprise software in the market. The first factor that was considered is the achievement of integrated information architectures which is used to improve the performance of business systems. When on e company adopts the use of enterprise software, the competition will also be compelled to adopt enterprise software so that they are at par in competition. The second fact that has boosted the adoption of packaged software is the Y2K bug which was feared as the world turned to the millennium. Since the bug was solved, another factor is the striving of the European Union to have one currency. This encouraged the companies to have packaged software to replace tailor-made software solutions. This is seen as a way of solving a universal bug instead of having independent software developers. This is hard because there will be difficulty if bugs like Y2K is realized in the market. Another factor is that there is the paradigm shift of businesses from the offline systems to e-commerce. There are the greater advances in technology where the companies are shifting to the use of the Internet for solutions to the problems and challenges found in the business world. A brief review of the organi zation’s IS/IM to date after the implementation of the findings from BCCD The organization’s information system has been greatly improved since the implementation of the finding from BCCD. The operations and activities in different departments have been running on smoothly. The major challenges the organization faces and need to be addressed is the fact the different systems that are running in each department are independent. These make the flow of information from one department to another and hence slow down the speed of doing business. Another issue that still exists is the fact that these systems are managed separately. This gives room to risk like fraud. As such there is need for improvement in the system so that these entire shortcomings are addressed. We must enhance marketing capability to respond to new markets 2. We must improve customer communication 3. We must build integrated IT systems which are easy to manage and responsive to customer needs 4. We must improve working environment and practices for staff. 5. We must provide customer support training for key customer interface staff. 6. We must enhance sales to increase existing markets. Description of the technologies Mobile technologies One challenge that the company has been facing is ensuring that they are efficient in offering the services and also being able to outdo its competing firms. Often, the staff is faced with the difficulty of both attending to clients and attending the training workshops that were demanded. The

Academic Skills (Economics) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Academic Skills (Economics) - Essay Example It is up to me to keep up with the growing information and use it in my learning situation. I am therefore obligated to acquire the standard transferable skills for any academic study. I am not only required to be literate, numerate and to have computer competency, but also acquire and exhibit capabilities, attitudes and qualities necessary for me to fit in the modern world. Being an international student, taking business economics, I am aware of some personal strength that will enable me to enhance my academic skills. One such strength is my potential and willingness to learn. I strongly believe that, that is where it all begins. No human being knows everything and as such, the more willing one is to learn, the faster they can absorb new ideas and concepts. I am a young learner with a growing cognitive capacity and my past academic achievement motivate me to learn more. I am also very decisive. Over the years I have developed strong decision – making skills that have enabled me to use my time effectively – not waste it. I can quickly define a problem, outline alternatives and figure out a solution. This skill enables me to make choices in my day to day activities and also important ones e.g. in shaping my course and in future my career. I am also good at information finding. I have learnt the art of research in the libraries, in data bases and even through other people by networking. This important for my academic skills because information is the basis of most of the studies that I will take. Information is dynamic and it multiplies with time. In my coursework, I will be required to be up to date with information and use it effectively to enhance my work. I am a team - worker. I work very well with others in a group. I participate actively, contribute to research work; attend meeting and give feedback. This will enable me to take on the academic skills group tasks smoothly. Self - teaching is another one of my strengths. I do not always rely on tutors to teach me. I find it more fulfilling to engage myself in activities that 'teach me through discovery. It makes learning much more interesting. This way, I can acquire skills that will last throughout my coursework and even later in life. Another skill I like to practice is innovation. I like doing things differently, to incorporate my self - identity in my work. It allows me to develop creativity and originality. It is the one reason why I prefer to engage my mind rather to copy someone's work e.g. in doing as assignment. It is definitely one of my strengths. Though some people may not look at it this way, meeting deadlines is a strength. I am very organized and as a result, I always make deadlines. Lectures will not have to chase me up to hand in my work. Know how and use of information communication technology is also proving very useful. The world today is very dynamic and technology has become a necessity. The fact that I am well versed with ICT will make acquiring and sing the necessary academic skill very easy. Self - discipline is a major boost in my life including academics. I make a plan of study based on the modules and I stick to it. I organize assignments and coursework in a time schedule to ensure that they are done on time and handed in by the deadline. I am disciplined to the extent that I do not miss any lectures or seminars. I do not take any oft hem for granted. I also have great interpersonal skills. I can relate with anyone. At the university, there is a large number of people of diverse culture. Some of them can even help me acquire different skills. I will also be acquired to work in a group sometimes and also interact with lectures. All this will put my interpersonal skill to good use. I have a positive mind- set. Nothing is too

Domain Name Disputes and Arbitration Essay Example for Free

Domain Name Disputes and Arbitration Essay The sudden explosion over the use of the internet in today’s world has placed domain names in direct conflict with trademarks. The use of a domain name would apply throughout the world, as the internet is accessible throughout the world. On the other hand, the trademark laws of a particular nation would vary with that of another, and hence, there is always a chance that trademark laws and domain name laws are in direct conflict with one another. Domain names would apply to the product and services of a service provider and hence ought to be given the same protection as trademarks . On the other hand, registries that register domain names give the importance of registering on a first-come-first served basis. Oppositions would say domain names contains alphabets and numerals, and hence, qualify to become a trademark. However, no rule is hard and fast. Domain name owners feel that the domain names are not protected under trademark laws as the internet is a global media having no offline limitation. On the other hand, the trademark owners feel that domain names are trademarks and hence are liable to file for dilution, unfair competition, etc . One of the main reasons as to why there is intense disputes with regards to domain names, is due cyber-squatting, in which somebody would register a particular domain name, and later try to sell it to the trademark owner. Domain name registries are accepting registration of domain names on a first-come first-served basis, and hence any person can register a popular trademark as a domain name and later plan to sell to the trademark owner. Often the prices quoted by the cyber-squatters are much more than what is paid of registration. Besides, cyber-squatters can misuse the trademark of the owner, and in turn wrongfully attract customers or tarnish the name of the original trademark owner . In the year 1995, the NSI framed a policy to settle disputes between domain name holders and trademark holders. The NSI is left out of the conflict and does not have the right to suspend the services of the domain name holder. Slowly, the importance of the trademark owners began to be felt. Trademarks owners can extent their services on to the internet, considering that it would be an ideal environment for business purposes. Customers on the other hand may also consider domain names being similar to trademarks for search purposes . One of the means of solving domain name disputes is by adopting the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy implemented by the ICANN in 1999. This is mainly to solve the disputes that arise between domain name owners and trademark owners. The WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Centre would conduct the UDRP procedures. The process is much faster than the courts, and besides the decisions given is credible and impartial. The fees that are imposed are less than the routine courts . ICANN and UDRP The ICANN UDRP has been implemented for several TLD’s including . net, . com, . org, etc. However, it is not applicable to the country level TLD’s, such as . uk, . in, etc. The dispute resolution policy would occur between the domain name holder and the registering authority, such as country-coded domain registering organisation. The UDRP would set the terms and conditions that would arise in case of conflict arise between the domain name holder and any other party, except the registrar (ICANN). According to the ICANN, certain terms and conditions need to be followed when registering for a domain name. The registrant should ensure that all statements made are true, complete, and the domain name would not violate the rights of others. The domain name so registered would not be done for an illegal cause and would not be used to overcome any law. Any action done for the domain name would be lead to the owner being held responsible. The ICANN can transfer, modify or cancel a domain name registered if the domain name registrant requires so, if the court having a jurisdiction requires that the domain name be changed or cancelled or if a relevant administrative body requires that the domain name be changed or expelled. Depending on the situations, the ICANN would make a request to the domain name holder to perform such changes. The URDP procedure would be conducted before an administrative tribunal. Usually such tribunals would come into action whenever a third party has an issue with a particular domain name and files an application for objection before the ICANN.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Podcast Information Technology Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Podcast Information Technology Essay A podcast is a series of digital media files either digital audio or video that is episodic; downloadable; program-driven, mainly with a host and/or theme; and convenient, usually via an automated feed with computer software. Podcasting is similar in nature to RSS, which allows subscribers to subscribe to a set of feeds to view syndicated Web site content. The word replaced webcast in common vernacular due to the fame of the iPod and its role in the rising popularity and innovation of web feeds. Moreover, is a free service that allows Internet users to pull audio files (typically MP3s) from a podcasting Web site to listen to on their computers or personal digital audio players. The format used for podcasting is RSS 2.0 with enclosures. The podcasting enclosures refer to all binary (non-text) downloads. You can read the text description of the enclosure before downloading the item to view. The mode of delivery differentiates podcasting from other means of accessing media files over the Internet, such as direct download, or streamed webcasting. A list of all the audio or video files currently associated with a given series is maintained centrally on the distributors server as a web feed, and the listener or viewer employs special client application software known as a pod catcher that can access this web feed, check it for updates, and download any new files in the series. This process can be automated so that new files are downloaded automatically. Files are stored locally on the users computer or other device ready for offline use, giving simple and convenient access to episodic content. Commonly used audio file formats are Ogg Vorbis and MP3. In many respe cts, this is closer to traditional publishing models associated with books and magazines (as opposed to radio, which uses a live stream). Advantages of Podcasting Convenience Since iPods can play back Podcasts, files can be viewed or listened to anytime, anywhere. You do not have to be glued to a computer in order to review the files. Podcasting can be valuable to students or employees who want follow up on information or refreshers in order to fully understand lessons or work ideas. Students and employees can learn through various modalities aside from reading. Audio files and videos can be aids and supplements for studying and working. These files can be quickly and inexpensively created and uploaded to any website. Therefore, lectures and presentations can easily be accessed regardless of time and location, offering flexible learning options for students and employees. Easy Reach With a podcast, you can easily reach your students or employees, any time. More importantly, the information that is sent can be conveniently accessed. No more FAQs that need to be updated. Podcasts do not have expiration dates and they can be permanently archived. Accessibility issues Materials, such as transcripts, must consist of audio or video files in order to be fully accessible. This, as well as editing and uploading high-quality files, can be time-consuming. Large files will require broadband connection, which makes them difficult for those users who only have slow, dial-up connections. Those who are creating podcasts also need to make sure that the file format used will be compatible to all MP3 players and not iPods alone. Productivity Issues Allowing iPods at work or in school can encourage employees and students to work less. IPods in the office or classroom can be a source of distraction. Students and employees can be tempted to watch movies, listen to music or other audio files rather than work. They can be sidetracked by the endless media possibilities that an iPod can provide. This could mean less than average performance and less productivity. Disadvantages of Podcasting Time Consuming Podcasting can be used by professors as a means to provide or receive information from students. However, a disadvantage to this form of data is that the Web is such a vast and very public space where anyone from anywhere can publish files. Therefore, instructors and teachers have to spend time checking if the files and data published are verified. It can be very time consuming especially for larger files. It is also estimated that it takes 45 minutes to produce an 8 minute show. Not Searchable Podcasts are not always easily searchable. Although there are several search engines you can use, it is impossible to directly search within the audio file itself. This could be a huge disadvantage for many individuals, especially those who prefer to gather their data by quickly scanning through the texts. Accessibility Problems Editing and uploading files, especially if theyre high quality files, can be quite a challenge. Large files will demand not just a broadband connection, but a connection that is fast enough. Using dial-up connections for uploading and downloading will probably take too much of your time. Podcast creators will also need to make sure that the file formats they use will be compatible to other devices and not just iPods alone. Limiting Your Audience Not everyone owns a mobile device. Podcasting may just divide the market and alienate those who cannot have access to it. Some people are also just not interested in having to download files from the Web in order to have access to them, and some will prefer reading instead of listening to an audio file. Distracting Allowing the use of iPods in schools and companies can provide distractions and may result in poor productivity. Those with iPods can easily be sidetracked and listen to music or watch movies instead of doing actual work. Distractions for students and employees could mean poor performance. Question2: Facebook and Twitter are examples of Social Networks and Media Sharing tools. By using the concept of anytime, anywhere learning, how these tools can be manipulated to take advantage of the passion of young people for learning by tapping into the tools. Discuss in detail and provide example for each. Your comment and analysis must be supported by at least THREE (3) articles. The articles must be enclosed together with your submission. (If it is longer than 3 pages, then, you may provide the URL). Through my analysis and from my personal comment, I found that, social networks are one of the best tools to engage students to be more IT-savvy. Based by tapping the tools there are more advantages which make the young people especially students to learn and inherit it to more educational purpose. Social network could be a tool which enables real online (and offline) collaboration between learners and presents a way to record the interactions of learners.  Ã‚  Communication Skills The students listed technology skills as the top lesson, followed by creativity, being open to new or diverse views and communication skills. They will meet vast number of people trough this social network from different countries. This make them to look forward towards the communication skills and analyse them how good is their language power are. Towards Technology Students are developing a positive attitude towards using technology systems, editing and customizing content and thinking about online design and layout. Teenagers will more expose to latest technology when they try to explore it. Creative Ideas Theyre also sharing creative original work like poetry and film and practicing safe and responsible use of information and technology. This is a very good idea because once we post something on the wall people able to comment on their work and the result is they will be more progressive with their work. Tutor Also have implications for educators, who now have a vast opportunity to support what students are learning on the Web sites. Enable teachers to share good examples of work with others, provide a means to track learner progress and provide a searchable history of work completed and contribute to the overall Assessment system. Those individuals, who would hesitate to approach an instructor for help, may find that the social network provides the kind of support they need, whether from peers or resources tailored to specific learning styles (i.e. video, audio, illustrations). Messaging Learners first access to email and why shouldnt it be a high quality email experience which a learner can keep for his/her lifetime and make it to as a medium to communicate with their lecturers. Exchange of media to accommodate all learner types. While this is true for most digital learning support systems, it is especially true when presented in a social network that includes a wide range of learners. The freedom to use the medium most appropriate for each users learning style will enhance the success of the curriculum. Application Mobile apps and tablet apps which integrate with the network, pulling and pushing content to/from the network. Can be accessible from a mobile device and we should be encouraging our learners to make use of these incredibly powerful devices in class Chat/Video Conferencing We are able to chat with our teacher who is online and discuss about tomorrows topic or which implement from Anywhere/Anytime learning. Restrictive emulation of the traditional training experience Social networks reflects the relationships traditionally shared in a learning situation, between student and trainer/educators, between one another, between the students and the material itself. This is much more conducive to social exchange and interaction than email or remote learning systems have been in the past. Discussion/news feed Here we able to discuss about latest hot news in town. Recently we had an earthquake in Japan. This discussion board act as a tool to help and relay news about latest phenomena happening there. Familiar platform for many learners to operate within As Social Networks like Facebook and MySpace grow in popularity, that paradigm is familiar to users and becomes less daunting when applied to a learning situation. Similar to the way many early iterations of software used the conventions standardized by Microsoft in its Windows operating system for their interfaces. Users were familiar with their function and could understand their meaning transferred. 3 Articles That Support http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/articles/teaching-learning-through-social-networks http://www.quora.com/Education/How-can-we-use-social-networks-for-more-effective-K-12-learning http://socialnetworksforlearning.com/

Culture Impact On International Business Cultural Studies Essay

Culture Impact On International Business Cultural Studies Essay Culture always makes a great impact on international trade. Although there are similarities between various cultures, but there are also obvious differences, the ever-present different cultural backgrounds affect international trade. Different cultural products in international trade will have the name, trademarks, advertisements, and verbal and written communication translation impact. Therefore, cultural factors should be taken into account in the international trade, in order to avoid misunderstandings which may result in economic losses. In international trade, cultural background, language and customs and other cultural differences become the invisible barriers as cross-cultural communication in international trade. To analysis the differences of language and cultural factors and their impact, the crucial element to open the international market and expand International trade successfully is implementing cross-cultural exchange effectively. Many powerful companies failed in international business, the main reason are not the shortage of capital or technology, but due to ignoring the cultural differences impact on trade and communication. In the face of this, we should be aware of the importance of culture, find out the aspects of culture that impact on the international trade, and know how these points work. Relevance of Culture The impact on international trade of ubiquitous cultural factor is recessive and potential. Culture has the characteristic of group. As the common pattern of behaviour which accumulated in the history, people approve and follow their own culture they live with. Culture hybrid is the catalyst of economic development while culture conflict is the cancer cell of economic cooperation. 2.1 Concept of Culture Culture is the way in which a group of people solves problems and reconciles dilemmas. (Alfons Trompenaars, Charles Hampden-Turner, 1993, P6) Culture is formed by the ideas, concepts, behaviour, customs, habits, representatives of a group in a given period and the overall sense from this group out of all the activities. 2.2 Values of Culture According to the importance of culture, it is necessary to know the culture well. When acquiring a language and know the accuracy meaning in the culture, we can communicate with others through it. By understanding the customs, we can anticipate how business partners and customers are likely to respond. By learning the partners or customers culture values, we can distinguish between what is considered right or wrong, acceptable or offensive. To know the different ways of thinking in different culture, we can identify with other managers, provide knowledge to meet and negotiation with them. 2.3 Levels of Culture As we learn from the lecture, we know there are at least three levels of culture: National/Regional Culture-Culture within a country/regional Corporate Culture-Culture within a specific organization Professional Culture-Culture of particular functions within an organization 3.0 How does culture work As we know, culture is a broad concept. So it can affect international trade in many ways both internal and external the enterprise. 3.1 National/Regional Culture Language Cultural difference is an important factor that restricts the translation of the words. Because translation involves different using principle of two different languages. In the translation process, if you dont know the different culture very well, this often occurs that the meaning is quite the opposite with the real meaning which can lead to the misunderstanding. For example, when the General Motors Corporation enters the market of Belgium, the slogan was Body in Belgium, but when translating the slogan into Flemish language, the meaning was corpse by Fisher. The strange slogan led to embarrassment and the customers confusion. Things followed were the dramatically slip of the sales volume until the administration became aware of this problem. This situation shows the significance of understanding the language in the different culture background. Custom Different countries have different customs, the tradition way of life, the hobby of people, the taboo, etc., all these show the culture diversity of the world. A bitter case shows the consequences of disrespect of custom. Lawrence Stessin, the anthropologist, pointed this in his report. A business man from North California wanted to purchase a textile machines company from Birmingham in UK to open the European market. Not long after he took over the company, the manager from America want to rectify a problem about the British teatime. Lawrence said, in British, every worker had the teatime of half an hour. During the time, workers can taste some wine in the large ounce container on their own preferences. The manager proposed reducing the teatime to 10 minutes and union agreed. But a week later, the workers rioted in the factory. They broke the windows, destroyed the machines and hooted the administrators. The manager tried to redeem for the loss, he installed the vending machines with the low capacity cups instead of the large ounce containers. Based on the American custom, the rules requested more contribution and loyalty of the workers bu t disrespected the local custom, the company ended in bankruptcy. Values As the result of the difference of countries historical development, the formation of culture differs a lot in the long history. People also have different opinions and values on the same thing. In international trade activities, people with different culture background show the obvious differences on the concept of time, decision-making and conflict management approach. Americans believe in free competition and individualism. Personal courage to assume responsibilities is a virtue in Americans eyes and its the positive performance. So in a negotiation, the representative wields the power to make his own decision within the authorized scope. On the contrary, Chinese people pay great attention on collective decision-making and emphasise the team wisdom. As the proverb says, Two heads are better than one. Especially in Japan, a collective country, team interests are higher than everything at any time. The difference between Asian and Western values leads to the different understanding to some things, which sometimes results in the barriers in the trade and verbal communication. Mode of thinking American linguist Robert B Kaplan(1966) proposed the Cultural thought patterns in inter-cultural education through the research of abroad students who speak different mother tongue. He believes that thinking is spiral Oriental while Western thinking is linear in. Once an American corporation wanted to enter the market of south China, they sent a representative to deal with the business. Also, China side wants to enlarge its trade. Since both sides were satisfied with the deal, the negotiation should be favouring. But the process of negotiation was not so simple. It was problem here that the different thinking way. To show humility and amiable, the Chinese manager always used some fuzzy words, like maybe, perhaps, whatever, etc.. All these made the American manager doubted whether the Chinese manager were pure-hearted to make the deal. So they didnt sign the contract in China. To show the respect to others, the Chinese manager didnt express his will to deal. After going back to America, the manager wrote a letter to China and directly express that he wanted to cooperate with China. The Chinese are happy to accept and wrote back. But in the long letter, he put the key point in the end with the long-winded matting before. At last there was no tr ansaction because of the misunderstanding which resulted from different mode of thinking. 3.2 Corporate Culture The relationship between staff-Tom Peters, American writer on business management practices, said that the only real resource to the enterprise is human. Therefore, the harmonious atmosphere among staff is quite important to the development of enterprise. It is quite normal for a transnational enterprise to hire talented persons. While unseemly ways of arranging employees led to a series of problem in an enterprise. To some extent, the appearance of these people leads to internal staff personnel psychological confrontation. This is a process of coordination and adjustment. But the administration ignored this serious point and just paid more attention to these talented persons. During this period, the spirit and morale of the old staff were affected. They became less loyal and negative and resulted in the decline in performance. Another situation will lead to the discord among employees. As a Chinese, we are used to it while which may offend people in other countries. Suppose there are three employees, A, B and C. When A and B are talking about something, C comes and interrupts their conversation or joins their talking. It is normal in China and people can accept. In western, however, people think they were not respected or even offended. They cant accept this behaviour. So if this situation happens in an enterprise with employees from different countries, the harmonious atmosphere will be broken and lead to the performance. The relationship between higher and lower levels-the relationship between boss and employee is interaction and help each other forward. In the Chinese and Western culture, this relationship shows some difference: Role difference-In China, the mainstream of Chinese culture emphasizes the group and social values. People pay more attention on the affiliation between individual and group. The actions and observation must be in accordance with the expectation of group. In contrast, western people emphasize individual rights and independence. For example, to respect peoples rights and freedom, the speaker always uses the phrasing like Would youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? Could youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.? Shall Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? etc. No matter how the relationship is between two persons. This different position of role leads to the misunderstanding between boss and employee from different culture background. Daily conversation-Because of the difference of different culture, a polite term in one culture may be considered as the impolite, inappropriate language in another culture. In China, people used to show the respect only to eldership or higher authorities. Among the western people, they always call each others first name, whether you are my eldership or boss or teacher. Instead of being impolite, they think its the way to show intimate among people. For example, in a transnational enterprise, the manager is a Chinese and the employee is a British. The manager will assign a task to the employee without the words like please thank you which may depresses the employee in some extent. The opposite situation, if the manager is a western people while the employee is a Chinese. Its normal when the manager call the name of the employee. As the junior employee, Chinese people always say its too late, youd better to go home or something like that to show concerning. But the manager may feel being interfered because time to go home is his own right. Nonverbal communication-during the conversation, not only the express are different, but also the space distance in different culture background. In UK, people divided the distance into four types: intimate distance, personal distance, social distance, public distance. In France, people will hug and kiss the face. While in China, there is no definite distance in social intercourse. The type of body touch is shaking hands or hugging which mostly happens among the same gender. Expect lovers, the situation of kissing and hugging will never happen among the opposite gender. And females always go out hand in hand if they are good friends which may be misunderstood in western countries. 3.3 Professional Culture Within an organization, both professional culture and organizational culture can shape the decisions, output and something else in it. The organisational culture is a system that has an impact on the whole organization. While the professional culture lays particular emphasis on individual effort. The coexistence of these two cultures can plan the development of organization much better. If the organization can recruit participants who have the characteristics it requires, it does not have to develop these characteristics through training and education.'(Amitai Etzioni, 1961) If the organizational culture is fixed, the goals, the competitor, the position are definite, the organization has to recruit employees with the specific characteristics. Here, the professional culture does make sense. As a collective country, Japanese employ own the high loyalty to their organization. The unique loyalty can be seen as the professional culture within an organization. The loyalty plays a particular and significant role in the enterprise. The intrinsic motivation of the workers loyalty originates from the trust mechanism. Therefore, the Japanese workers loyalty is one of the most important reasons that the Japanese corporate achieve success. A Chinese business man established a restaurant in Japan several years ago. In the first few years, he hired Chinese people because they are his compatriots. Before long, however, the employees were replaced by Japanese gradually. Some guests from China want to know the reason. He told them that Japanese are easy to manage. More importantly, the Japanese employees are always concerning more about the restaurant. Once he became the staff, he was a member of this team. The team grew better so that the staff got better. A manager of human resource department in a Japanese transnational enterprise once said, as individuals, Chinese people have the excellent working capability. But as a member of the organization, they lack compatibility and sufficient responsibility. This enterprise recruited 20 IT employees from China. And the administration wanted to inculcate a spirit of loyal to organization. But too much emphasis on this point sometimes led to their negative mentality. There is another phenomenon that we can only see in Japan. Some Chinese consultants had the business transactions with a Japanese newspaper office. They found strange that they could rarely see the boss himself appearing in the office during the several years. All the internal things were assigned to the manager. The boss was always staying at home by remote control. Everything was in perfect order. All the employees worked hard and dedicate without lazing. They all treated the enterprise and boss as their family because they know better the company was, much more money they could earn. Once a Japanese manager was asked a question, Why dont you start your own business and be your own boss with your talent? In that company, he deals with all the affairs. He can earn much more if he start his own business. But he said that he has been in the company for more than three decades from a staff to a manager. His growth cant be without the training and cultivate of the boss and enterprise. They are a big family. In Japan, employees are loyal to the company. Even if another company will pay more and provide better treatment, they wont change their minds easily. How to measure an employees loyalty? When buying things for the company, the staff never receive kickbacks; never use the company telephone to make personal international call; to be the first one to come, the last one to go back; meticulous, and so on. In the eyes of Japanese workers, these things are unalterable. The best way to show the employees loyalty is the company of their choice, or single-mindedness. And the boss defines the loyal staff as actively perform the spirit of sacrifice. Since the 90s from last century, Japans bubble economy collapsed. The problem of employees loyalty emerged. Japanese human resource instruction conducted a survey in 2002. Among Netherlands, Mexico, United States, Germany, Italy, Japan and some other countries, the employees loyalty of the first three countries was 73%, 72%, 68% respectively. That of Japan was only 50%. They were shocked by the results. This result indicates that the positive influence of professional culture needs a steady surrounding. Conclusion In the East-West cooperation business process, cultural backgrounds, different cultural mentality, customs, are often overlooked by many people. While the cultural factor is the key factor that determines the success or failure of business activities. Quite different from the normal trade, the international trade within different culture background request more. Dealers should know each others culture and custom very well. Its the guarantee of success. In international business, we should pay more attention to differences in cross-cultural communication. Correctly deal with cultural differences and prevent the barriers that may be caused by cultural patterns and cultural prejudices. Among the staff, everyone should respect each other and treat equality. The key to success in cross-culture communication is treating the culture difference properly; try to exclude cultural superiority, cultural patterns and cultural prejudices of the interference. This is the only way to carry out the international trade activities in cross-culture communication successfully. We can establish the international culture exchange centre; carry out the multi-level forms of culture display and exchange to eliminate the concept of custom, language and art appreciation and other aspects of trade barriers. The formulation of foreign trade policy for the enterprises should be syncretised with that the local culture. We cant always challenge a culture if its not suited to our system. It is necessary to create the countrys cultural products for sale, but also the manner and extent of pricing that people can accept, and try to find suitable local custom channels to purchase objects willing to accept the publicity. These links are indispensable, and only all of them are put together organically, the barriers can be broken. In conclusion, we stress that culture is the primary factor in business trade, and the major barrier is the difference between historical cultures. Cultural factors are unavoidable. Cultural universals are dominant, and cultural differences can be bridged by international trade. Moreover, with the development of cultural interpenetration, the influence of cultural differences will become smaller. The cross-culture communication activity will become easier than before.

King Lears Transition in Shakespeares Play, King Lear Essay -- King

King Lear's Transition in Shakespeare's Play, King Lear In the play King Lear, by William Shakespeare, the main character, Lear, takes the audience through his journey toward his enlightenment. At the beginning of the play Lear appears to be an arrogant man who is too much of the flesh. He associates money and power with love and respect. Thus, when Lear has given all this material possessions to his daughters, Goneril and Regan, he begins his long journey of self discovery. Through an analysis of two passages, one can see the transition of Lear from a man blinded by the flesh to a caring and compassionate madman that sees the truth. The first passage comes from act I, scene iv. Lear's arrogance is illustrated in this passage as he commands nature to make Goneril infertile ; "Dry up in her organs of increase, / And from her derogate body never spring / A babe to honour her!..." (I.iv.245-258). As Lear speaks angrily to an external subject, nature, he is really speaking angrily inwardly to his subconscious. As seen in Oedipus Rex, the realisation of a truth is very painful process and often brings out strong emotions such as anger. Usually the truth is presented to a character in small increments so as not to overwhelm the character. Thus, the anger displayed by Lear is a reflection of the pain he feels from his daughter's betrayal. The contrary of this is found in the second passage. In this scene the audience is shown humble Lear. When he says "Let copulation thrive; for Gloucester's bastard son / Was kinder to his father than my daughters / Got 'tween the lawful sheets. / To't luxury, pell-mell! for I lack soldiers." (IV.vi.110-114). This supports that Lear is much humbler. As seen in the first excerpt, Lear command... ...ence to better understand the nature of Lear; That is, what is going on inside him. Through these two passages, one can see the changes in Lear's language and the imagery he conveys about nature. These changes are a representation of Lear's transformation from a sane man, blinded of the truth, to a madman, closer to the truth than any sane man. This study supports that Lear's character has made a significant advance in his journey towards the truth. Works Cited Clemen, Wolfgang. The Development of Shakespeare's Imagery. New York, NY, USA: Methuen & Co. 1977. Shakespeare. "King Lear." Elements of Literature. Ed. Robert Scholes, Nancy Comley, Carl H. Klaus, and David Staines. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1990. Young, David. Shakespeare's Tragedies - A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1993.

Death Be Not Proud Essay -- essays research papers

	How would you cope if you were going to die? In the memoir Death Be Not Proud by John Gunther, his son Named Johnny is faced with this situation. At an early age, Johnny was found with a brain tumor, and struggles to survive. Johnny later died from the brain tumor. Johnny was loved by many people; much of whom tried his/her best to help Johnny through this ordeal. Although Johnny was faced with death, Johnny faced death with courage throughout the book. Even though Johnny was faced with death, he faced death with courage. Johnny showed that, by keeping a positive attitude through this whole ordeal. Johnny’s hope, positive attitude, and courage kept his death at bay, even in the face of terrible pain and incurable illness. " But later that day he developed an excruciating headache, the only fierce and intense pain he suffered during the whole course of his illness-a small mercy, perhaps, but one to be devoutly grateful for"(p24) Johnny was faced with unimaginable pain throughout his illness; yet he maintained a level of hope and determination to live. At the young age that Johnny was at, and to face death, it must have took a lot of courage to stay positive. Johnny kept fighting, determined to recuperate, even if he had to do things himself. "I watched him give himself a hypodermic injection of liver extract on the side above the hip, an awkward place to reach. I could not possibly have done on anybody, let alon e myself." (p77) Johnny, had to ta...

History of Special Needs Provision in Ireland Essay

The history of education for children with special needs in Ireland has been one of neglect and exclusion until there was a change in attitudes and policies. The government had no need for policies regarding education and care of children with additional needs because they were carried out by religious orders. Many children were sent away to hospitals, homes and even asylums. They were hidden away from society. There were three stages in relation to the education and care of children with additional needs. Era of Neglect and Denial The era of neglect and denial was when the government thought children with special needs didn’t need to be educated and were seen as a medical problem. The Medical Model of Disability thought that children with special needs were abnormal. The problem was seen to be with the person with special needs and this model focuses on the causes of the disability and would look for cures rather than accept the person. â€Å"The medical model of disability views disability as a ‘problem’ that belongs to the disabled individual. It is not seen as an issue to concern anyone other than the individual† (www.2.le.ac.uk, Assessed 07 March 2014). Era of Special Schools The era of special schools was when a number of religious orders set up schools for children with special needs. The care and education was entirely up to the religious orders and the children would often board here rather than stay at home with their families. These schools were later recognised by the state. The government now believed children with special needs needed to be educated but not with â€Å"normal† children. They believed that the children would interfere with the education of the other children and therefore could not be educated in the same schools. Era of Integration and Inclusion The era of integration and inclusion began when the government introduced policies on education for children with special needs. They introduced these because of the decline in religion and religious orders. The state took over the care and education of children with additional needs. There was a demand for these children to be educated in schools alongside children who did not have special educational needs. This did happen but the children with special needs were taught in separate classrooms away from the other children. They were been educated but still not included. There are over 140 special schools in Ireland to date. These schools are designed for children who cannot be educated in mainstream schools. Some children may go to these schools for a period of time and then move into mainstream schools. Children with special needs are entitled to a free education until they reach eighteen years of age. They are entitled to help and support from resource teachers or special need assistants if the need it and to be educated in the same environment as every other child and to be treated equally. Legislation and Policies The Education Act 1998 The Education Act 1998 was the first piece of legislation that outlined the rights regarding education. This act is a general one but it provided the first legal definition of disability, the first legal definition of special educational needs and it defined what support services are. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of teachers, Board of Management, the Inspector and the Minister for Education. The Education Act 1998 says that all children including children with special needs are entitled to free education. Parents have the right to send their children to a school of their choice. All schools must respect beliefs, languages and traditions of all children. Schools have to have a plan in place to deal with any obstacles that may affect the education or welfare of a child with additional needs. All children have the right to be treated equally and should be included in all aspects of education despite their ability or disability. â€Å"This was the first piece of legislatio n passed since the foundation of the state that directly outlined the government’s rights and legal obligations regarding education† (Assisting Children with Special Needs, Assessed 08 March 2014: 10). The Education for Persons with Special Educational Needs Act 2004 This Act was passed to ensure that all people with special educational needs can be educated in an inclusive environment where this is possible. They have the same rights to education as a person who does not have special educational  needs. They have the right to the equipment they need in order to participate and continue with their education. The Board of Management needs to provide information to the parents and others relating to the education of the child. They need to ensure the progress of the child is monitored and reviewed regularly. To review the resources that are needed to help and provide education to children with special needs. They need to ensure that the needs of the child are being met and that a plan is put in place specifically for each child. â€Å"This Act was passed in June, 2004. The Act makes provision for the education of people with special educational needs, to provide that education whe rever possible, in an inclusive environment with those who do not have such needs† (www.asti.ie, Accessed 10 March 2014) Special Needs Conditions Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ADHD is a common behavioural disorder that affects school age children and is more common in boys. Signs and Symptoms There are three major symptoms of ADHD inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Some signs of ADHD are been easily distracted, switching from one activity to another frequently and talking excessively. Causes The causes of ADHD are not known. There are a number of factors that may be linked to ADHD such as genetics, diet and family environments. Diagnosis The diagnosis should only be made if the problem has been assessed for more than six months and has happened in two or more places. This is because there are other conditions which are very similar to ADHD that have to be ruled out. â€Å"Attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) is a disorder that appears in early childhood. You may know it by the name attention deficit disorder, or ADD. ADD/ADHD makes it difficult for people to inhibit their spontaneous response – response that can involve everything to speech to attentiveness† (www.helpguide.org, Accessed 09 March 2014). Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy occurs when the part of the brain that controls muscle tone and movement is damaged. The condition can result in someone just been  clumsy or it can be more severe where the person cannot walk or move any part of their body. Signs and Symptoms Cerebral palsy may have the following signs and symptoms, lack of movement, difficulty walking, delays in speech development and trouble with swallowing. Causes There are no exact causes for cerebral palsy but it may be caused by brain damage before or during a child’s birth. Diagnosis A diagnosis for cerebral palsy will only be made after a child has been assessed and tests carried out. The tests will focus on the child’s movements and their muscle tone. Diagnosis for cerebral palsy can take a long time. â€Å"Cerebral palsy is a term used to refer to a group of complicated conditions that affect movement and posture because of damage to or failure in the development of the part of the brain that controls movement† (www.sess.ie, Accessed 10 March 2014). Autism Autism is a developmental disorder that affects the brain from functioning properly. Autism affects the way a person communicates and how they relate to other people. Signs and Symptoms Some signs and symptoms of autism are if a child does not respond to their name by the age of twelve months, have no words by sixteen months and does not point at objects to show interest by fourteen months. The child will avoid eye contact and will like to play alone frequently. Causes The exact cause of autism is unknown. Abnormalities in the brain, genetics and environmental toxins may be causes but this have not been proven. Diagnosis A screening test to diagnoise autism must be based on the observation of communication, behaviour and development and compare them to children in the same age group. â€Å"Autism is a neurological condition in which a child is unable to relate to people and situations. It first emerges in early childhood, when the child is first developing social and interpersonal skills. It is a rare condition affecting approximately five people out of  every 10,000† (www.irishhealth.com, Accessed 11 March 2014). Dyslexia Dyslexia is a learning disorder which makes reading, writing and spelling more difficult. It is the most common learning difficulty among children. Signs and Symptoms The most common sign of dyslexia is getting letters and words jumbled up. Lack of self-esteem, bad behaviour and lack of interest in school related activities are symptoms of having dyslexia. Causes There is no real evidence to suggest what causes dyslexia but it may be caused by an impairment in the brain or it may be inherited. Diagnosis Tests will be done on a child that is suspected of having dyslexia and will focus on how the child processes information, their language abilities and word recognition. â€Å"There was a time in Ireland when dyslexia was the disorder that dare not speak his name. The Dyslexia Association of Ireland. (DAI), established 40 years ago this year, had to change its name in the 1980s to the Association of Children and Adults with Learning Difficulties, so it would be taken seriously† (www.irishtimes.com, Accessed 11 March 2014). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) FASD is mental and physical condition that results from alcohol exposure during pregnancy. Signs and Symptoms Some of the signs and symptoms of FASD may include having a small head, deformities of limbs, heart defects and vision or hearing difficulties. Causes The causes of FASD is when a mother drinks alcohol excessively during her pregnancy. Alcohol interferes with the oxygen getting to the developing brain. Diagnosis FASD can only be diagnosed after a child is born. Doctors will access motor skills, facial features and heart problems. Support Services HADD Ireland is a support group for people affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). They offer a wide variety of services  including courses for young people, courses for parents and support groups. In these courses they build skills, promote self-awareness and encourage problem solving. In the support groups they offer talks and workshops for parents that provide information and advice on ADHD. Cerebral Palsy Alliance is a support group that provides support and assistance for parents and carers of people who suffer from cerebral palsy. Each service is in place to help improve the quality of life and participation in everyday life. The services they provide include therapy and health services, counselling and respite care. They offer early intervention services and mentoring programmes for teenagers Irish Autism Action is an organisation that was formed to help sufferers of autism and their families. They offer a range of services including early detection prog rammes, education support, counselling, and home based support. They also have a helpline that offers confidential information and support for people with autism. They provide information and advice to families upon a diagnosis been made. Dyslexia Association of Ireland (DAI) is a membership based organisation that educates people about dyslexia. They offer appropriate and effective support services for children and adults dealing with dyslexia. The services they provide are information services through phone, website or text, assessment services, specialist tuition for children through workshops or one on one tuition, training and education for parents, teachers and others. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Ireland is a support group that was set up by a group of carers who have had contact with children who suffer from fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). They provide information to families, carers and individuals on any disability associated with FASD. Alcohol Awareness Week 2014 is one way in which they provide information and promote awar eness about FASD. References University of Leicester: â€Å"The social and medical model of disability† (Online), available: http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ssds/accessability/staff/accessabilitytutors/information-for-accessability-tutors/the-social-and-medical-model-of-disability

Globalization and its Effects Essay

Research revelations in (Lardy, 2002, pp. 87-103) hold it that those countries which embraced globalisation undergo an second-rate of 5% egression, while those that shunned the concept experienced varied degrees of decline. Regardless of its supreme impacts, globalization if mishandled in ane sort or another female genitalia spell specify to a demesne this is due to the puissant frugal vulnerable position that it puts a country on. As the economy grows, and foreign boarders linked, so does the non-traditional threats of terrorism, heightened rate of the spread of infected diseases (SARS and HIV/AIDS) and other cross-boarder pledge issues.globalization is an irreversible move and every nation has just to content with its effects, there is no short cut stunned of it the outperform way to approach it and so is to rejoinder its effects and use them to the advantage of a national economy. Upon realizing this fact, the Chinese government went run through into reconfigu ring their economy to look to any prejudicious outcome of globalization, for instance, it has affected reforms in the interior(prenominal) banking and created diplomacy in defining external trade to at least entertain Chinese interests (Susumu, 1999, p. ). Since globalization rolls the whole initiation into a single tiny village, the Chinese political big wigs urinate seen it incumbent to consider the diverse effects that imbibe in the past been not prioritized at all like unregulated peachy guides, cybercrime, epidemics, weapon proliferation and transnational terrorism. Top semen Chinese thinkers unconstipated believe that through the multinational institutions, globalization can be used to democratize the United States and centre their unilateralist political power.And if this concept is exploited well, china allow for grow into a teeming and powerful nation, stable enough to make up nonpargonils mind the New World Order (Susumu, 1999, pp. 5-11). The Chinese ec onomy stands to make up a pot in the trust deservingy global path that the nation is set on. With the rate of flow financial crisis, it does call for active international coordination to deterrent afloat and reduce incidences of worker localize offs. It forget look at mutual benefits for those who presume to fully introduce in its drive.By give riseting to know the measures that other countries piddle put in place to counter art objecting effects, china has found a compromise point and forge a way forward through the current economic hard times. If the nation amercement tunes its capital market and effects banking reforms, consequently it result help the being out out of the current economic crisis and even those of the incoming (http//www. unu. edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu11ee/uu11ee0p. htm). globalisation has helped chinaware to gain a significant economic growth through breaking cultural handcuffs and establishing policies that lead to liberalization in this late manhood.With the positivity that the nation has had on globalization, their current economic ranking rose to seventh from 32nd in the world, thanks to the desegregation with the world economy. The growth is attri besidesed to increased merged governance and human resource optimization. The positive effects of globalization as habituated in (Lardy, 2002, pp. 160-219) to the Chinese economy and then include strengthening interdependence in all nations, opening opportunities to bring into uttermost use foreign capital and technology, promoting warrant trade that increase export trade.Lardy likewise gives risquelights of the detrimental impacts presented by globalization, which he says be the following, but not limited to difficulties in maintaining economic sovereignty especially for the ontogenesis nations and widening the rifts between the well industrialize economies and the marginalized ones. globalisation brings into play varied practices thereof leading to cu ltural mix up this is worse in a clubhouse which values originality like the Chinese. Besides these, it to a fault results to an intensified competition for limited resources and higher(prenominal) scale of interdependence.To this effect, each and every mortal mustiness acquire a way of coping up with the overbold exploitation and adapt the new practices in the militant environment. Traditional practices are most in all probability to be dropped in favor of new rules as individuals cooperate and coordinate with one another. To the Chinese government, they are currently cut out on what can be referred to as system maintenance. The nation has want to have a stable kin with its allies and foes a like as it feels that is the plainly way to rise higher up all the odds in the international system.To this effect, it has improved the level of democracy, which has in hitch boosted its relationship with former foes like Germany, Russia, E. U and France (Susumu, 1999, pp. 11-15). Such a move bequeath help China to actively participate in multinational institutions and transnational economic structures which will put it in a well(p) position to counter in store(predicate) financial challenges with ease. For whichever government in place, it must strive to establish significant policies that can speed up development in all sectors of the economy.Even though globalization can cause a bunch of hardships to the poor, it also opens opportunities to this group of individuals who dare to b go away advantage and turn the ills to their benefit. Poor heap in this context refer to the recipients of humanity services, simple workers and those who frequently use parking lot property resources to survive. With increased competition, the poor may find it hard to match high quality market standards hence falling out f business as action cost shoots or as the market price fluctuates.Social trade protection is therefore mandatory to be accomplished by every state that intends to go the global way, and China is not left-hand(a) out (Bardhan, 2004, pp. 271-278). Globalization affects poverty like a shot and indirectly, the government in place should get down on programs for instance commit on public facilities like health, education, genteelness and other economic and social floor that will cushion the public from the disconfirming effects of globalization.These steps will go along way in trim down discrimination and market fragmentation in the society. Whilst the quality of life of many battalion will change for the better, some individuals will definitely lose it out. Globalization will present opportunities for everyone to grab and those who sleep on the idea and strive to maintain the status quo will be on the losing end. Resources careworn from every corner of the world will be made available the aforementioned(prenominal) applies to technological advancement which makes things to be through much faster and easier.solely one ne gative outcome of this is that the introduction of too much mechanization from the outside world will drive people out of employment as companies strive to come upon efficiency and reduce the production cost. that despite the negative effects, if properly affected, globalization stands a chance in ensuring that the nationals have a quality life worth living (Bardhan, 2004, p. 284). The advent of globalization presented so much challenge to the CCP (China Communist Party). commonwealth were getting more and more enlightened, especially with issues concerning their civil rights.Revolutions and a little bit isolated cases of political disability were therefore unavoidable and characterized the period. Labor standards became a setose issue, as workers pushed to have their conditions be the like as those in the U. S. when labor barriers were eliminated production operations shifted directions to the U. S. The strain was not just felt in the labor market, the selfsame(prenominal) was witnessed in the education, political, social and professional sectors which responded to take for the changes.All these under the CCP had to be communicate as they developed a strength which needed political direction (Ding Lu, 2003, pp. 23-37). But all these moves were out of a good cause as it has helped the country to halt afloat above surging challenges. The future of the move seems to be no diverse as the party will have to employ the same tactics of changing with the changes. And more complex will be the future non traditional issues on security like having to deal with separatists, drug traffickers, smugglers, cross-boarder guilty acts, ecological and environmental issues.Conclusion Globalization has been reported to be the force place the robust economic growth in China as industrialization also took a centre stage in the country. But it is the imbalance in the international systems and national economies that are causing negative effects of the force. The finan cial crisis is not attributed to globalization and neither will it be the last straw to hit globalization, the government of China and all other world leading should come up with mechanisms to coordinate the world market to strengthen their resistance to crises.Globalization tries to act like blanket of neutrality over the international capital flow and power relations. The successes that the nation is enjoying now land as a result of antiquated liberalization and the move should never be dropped, for it is the only way to keep China and the rest of the world abreast as they ward off economic pitfalls. The programs which are meant to reduce the pathetic situation of the deprived in the society should not only be meant to accelerate economic growth, but also help these individuals.

Signal Conditioning Characteristics Engineering Essay

This study opens the design, execution of a room temperature lumberman which measures temperature, and logs in informations utilizing a clip specified by the user in seconds. It besides shows the consequence and abridgment of note nowadays in the schema. The temperature is perceived utilizing a oddball K thermocouple adjunction whose exterminate surfaceput is supply with an AD595 argue conditioner which performs cold junction compensation, elongateization and enfolding. A hardw argon come home is so created to tense up the guide coming out from the AD595 request conditioner. A data erudition board is provided which regards the rest crossway of the planetary house and converts it from correspond into digital signifier and presents the informations to the computing auto arranging hold upning LabView Virtual instrumentality incase. The LabVIEW Virtual Instrumentation plan so digitise electromotive force by death penalty noise analysis utilizing power gho stly denseness, and change everyplace the electromotive force blesss into temperature. The LabView VI besides provides a block plat where the instruments are placed, and a forepart gameboard which provides graphical and numerical temperature show to the user and shops the temperature over clip in a file on the computing machine. elevated and Low temperature objurgate points are provided with an horrify clay to supply audiovisual warnings go with with a honking sound to the user if temperature deviates from the pay back points.The most popular transducer for mensurating temperature is the thermocouple. It is one of the simplest of on the whole detectors it is an cheap, rugged widget that potbelly run over a really huge range of mountains of temperatures. The thermocouple besides has only luff conditioning demands. thermocouples operate on the rule that the junction of twain conglomerate metals generates a electromotive force that varies with temperature. The sub vert fruit is a detailed electromotive force deliberate between the two wires ( internal Instruments, 2010 ) rule1 thermocouple ( culled from www.capgo.com/Resources/Temperature/Thermocouple/thermocouple.html )The thermocouple Acts of the Apostless as a temperature detector and it produces a comparatively slim terminus harvest-tide electromotive force. To show a more feasible consequence from electromotive force, distinguish conditioning is required by every linearizing or amplifying. The thermocouple used is a type K which consists of chromel and alumel.In exhi issueion to input the information from the thermocouple into a computing machine, vitual instrumentality is used to incubate the contract by utilizing suit package which generates studies and consequences. The thermocouple ( which is a transducer ) converts temperature to voltage and a information acquisition board is so used to change over the analog signals into digital signals which are so fed to the compu ting machine. The DAQ acquisition package ( Labview VI ) converts the digital signals into graphical indexs utilizing the front beautify and block diagrams. Display charts are so placed to reexamine the signal acquired.1.1 AIMThe place of this study is to bring forth a Labview VI to get temperature informations from the thermocouple ( suit K ) , runing from 20AC 50AC provision valid instantaneous numerical informations, an terror option ( Tmax Tmin ) , a graphical reverse overlap and a file retention option.The study presents a brief surmise subdivision, the following subdivision discusses the tasteal apparatus ( with the package try and ironware tense ) , processs and design considerations, so the consequences are produced, and so the decision.2. Theory2.1 ThermocoupleA thermocouple is a type of temperature detector, with its dress circle holding at least two junctions the step junction and a bring up junction. The mention junction is created where the two wire s touch to the measurement device. The measurement junction is the terminals of the two wires, but because they are fictitious to be at the same temperature ( isothermal ) they are considered as one ( thermal ) junction. The arrest product electromotive force is related to the temperature contrast between the measuring stick and the mention junctions. This is acknowledge as the Seebeck consequence. The Seebeck consequence generates a little electromotive force along the length of a wire, and is greatest where the temperature gradient is greatest ( Capgo, 2010 ) .2.2 taper CONDITIONING & A CHARACTERISTICSDetectorelectric CHARACTERISTICS direct CONDITIONING REQUIREMENTThermocouplelow-tension end product.Low sensitiveness.Nonlinear end product.Reference temperature detector ( for cold-junction compensation ) . spirited exponentiationLinearization.Table 1 Electrical Features and Basic sign Conditioning Requirements ( culled from hypertext impart protocol //zone.ni.com/devzon e/cda/tut/p/id/4084 toc2 ) .The thermocouple has its mixed features and ensuing signal conditioning demands ( as shown supra ) . The choice of a comical resolution nevertheless depends on the size of it of one s pocket, development amphetamine, elaboration factor and linearization. A simple solution is by utilizing an IC bit ( much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the AD595 ) which provides signal conditioning, cold junction compensation, lofty electromotive force addition ( elaboration ) and compensates for non one-dimensionality of the thermocouple signal. It has been preconfigured to supply a electromotive force end product intercourse to temperature ( 10mV/AC ) straight from type J/K thermocouple signals. The device is packaged in a 14 pin DIL IC bit. It operates utilizing a liberal supply electromotive force scope +5 to 30V.2.2 DATA ACQUISITION ( DAQ ) entropy acquisition involves garnering signals from measuring beginnings and digitising the signals for storage, analysis, a nd presentation on a face-to-face computer. The intent of informations acquisition is to mensurate an galvanizing or physical phenomenon such as electromotive force, current temperature, force per whole area, or sound. The PC- stalkd informations acquisition system is defined by its application demands by geting, analyzing and showing information. Data acquisition systems integrated signals, detectors, actuators, signal conditioning, informations acquisition devices and applications package. attend 2 PC-based Data science ( culled from hypertext transfer protocol //www.ni.com/dataacquisition/whatis.htm )3. investigateAL SET-UP AND PROCEDURE3.1 EXPERIMENT ( WITH computer hardware FILTER ) hear 3 delay diagram for Experiment with hardware filter.3.1.1 HARDWARE FILTER SELECTIONBecause the signal passing through with(predicate) the system is low ( i.e. 10mv/AC ) a lowpass filter is used to celebrate the signal passing through. Due to the germinal activity of the filter ( hardwa re ) a cut-off oftenness has to be hardening in regularize to find the value for the content and the resistance to be used, i.e. utilizing a RC filter. visit 4 RC filter.To find the resistance and capacity to be used the expression for a RC filter is used, such that Where C = galvanizing capacity, which was defecaten at 0.1AF,R= Resistance, and= Cut-off Frequency.The cut-off frequency is defined as the absolute frequency down the stairs which the addition drops 3dB ( field of study Instruments, 2009 ) . A cut-off relative frequency of 4Hz was chosen.Therefore at a cut-off frequence of 4Hz, and a electrical capacity of 0.1Af, we demand the opposition at R = 397.89Ka .3.1.1 rophy CONNECTIONFor the overlap connexion, a type K thermocouple and a pre-calibrated signal conditioner AD595 were supplied. The circuit for thermocouple conditioning was built utilizing a veroboard. mental image 5 Thermocouple Signal Conditioning Circuit with a beltway for the hardware filter ( Cul led from parallel of latitudeue Devices Monolithic Thermocouple Amplifiers with Cold Junction Compensation AD594/AD595 Data stable gear ) .A hardware filter is machine-accessible to the end product of the AD595 at pin 8, such that the signal is been filtered before come ining into the DAQ. The positively charged terminus of the end product is connected to the linear guide on the DAQ, which provides the filtered signal. Besides, at pin 8 the junction of the AD595 and the hardware filter, signal is tapped out, which is connected to another parallel channel on the DAQ, which provides the unfiltered signal. The uncouth or signal land is connected to the linear channel land. Besides, pin 11 with an end product of +5V was connected to the DAQ, to feed a electromotive force beginning to the system. The connexion flair used is the referenced individual stop ( RSE ) because the full negative terminuss are common ( i.e. grounded ) . Double ended input harmonizing to informations sheet of the thermocouple signal conditioning unit ensures really low degree of noise. The end product provided readings for when the signals are filtered and unfiltered.3.1.2 DAQ CONFIGURATIONThe matching of input electromotive force scope to end product electromotive force scope of transducer is required to take advantage of the DAQ s declaration. From the AD595, the end product electromotive force per temperature is 10m/AC, hence, the end product electromotive force scope of the transducer at Tmin = 0AC is 0V and at Tmax = 50AC is 500m. A guessing of Vmin = 0 and Vmax = 1V will be enough because the input electromotive force rang to the DAQ is non expected to cold shoulder above 1V. insert 6 DAQ Configuration3.2 VI ProgramA practical instrument plan is do up both the front jury and the block diagram. The front panel acts as the user interface to the measuring systems and it contains controls and indexs. A VI was created to break apart and expose temperature signal. natural index s are required to see and analyze the information. The figure downstairs shows the VI for analysis. public figure 7 Block diagram of signal analysis and thermometer measuringFigure 8 Block diagram of informations file and temperature lumberman.Figure 9 Front panel demoing the signal wave form, and temperature readingFrom Figure 7, since in that respect is an in reinforced filter ( the hardware filter ) , the end product signal from the DAQ is split into two parts incorporating a filtered signal, and an unfiltered signal ( which was tapped out ) . Both signal are connected to the spectral measuring which analysis the input signal and provides a PSD ( force Spectral Density ) , which plots the Power against frequence, and it s suited for analysing the noise in the signal.In order to obtain the temperature readings from the thermocouple, a thermometer is placed such that readings from the end product signal ( sing the filtered signal ) is assumed to be multiplied by ascorbic acid ( as shown in the informations sheet ) to give an accurate reading in temperature ( AC ) . String sections are wane such that a show is shown at the front panel when the temperature is above or below a temperature scope repose ( say 30AC 50AC ) .Figure 8 shows how the information is existence relieve and how the lumberman is restore. The signal inputs passes through the mean, which sends selected signals into the pull through measuring file, and harmonizing to the scene of the lumberman ( in seconds ) , the readings are being stored.Figure 9 shows the front panel of the VI, here it is ocular to see the result of the temperature reading, and controls are set in order to alter the system harmonizing to the user s desire. A thermometer is set to demo the temperature reading when increasing or decreasing, an dismay is placed such that if readings are above or below a set status, a warning is set so that the dismay index pee chickweeds and a beeping sound is heard.The following b elow show constellations of some of the diagrams discussed above Figure 10 Configure Spectral measurementsFigure 11 Configure to Write to Measurement File4. Result4.1 VI PROGRAM OUTPUTFigure 12 PSD demoing the filtered ( blood-red ) and unfiltered ( white ) signals.Figure 13 drug user Interface demoing the thermometer and the lumberman with historical informations.LabVIEW MeasurementAAAWriter_Version0.92AAReader_Version1AACentrifugeCheckAAMulti_HeadingsNoAAX_ColumnsMultiAATime_PrefAbsoluteAAOperatorAOGUNS11AADate03/11/2010AATime3009.6AA***End_of_Header***AAAAAAAChannelss2AASamples1A1Date03/11/2010A03/11/2010Time3009.6A3009.6X_DimensionTimeATimeX00.00E+00A0.00E+00Delta_X1A1***End_of_Header***AAAX_ValueUnfiltered ( V )X_ValueFiltered V00.2374300.23936823.1718750.29700423.171880.29584123.7343750.31052923.734380.3132926.7343750.29330126.734380.29018529.7343750.27220929.734380.2721432.7343750.2533732.734380.25248335.7343750.24886235.734380.24877838.7343750.24145538.734380.24178541.734 3750.24209941.734380.243864Table 2 Sample of Log file at 3sec interval4.2 NOISE INVESTIGATIONFigure 14 PSD of filtered ( ruddy ) and unfiltered ( scurrilous ) signals at carbon0 sample per round of drinks and at a frequence of 1KHz.Figure 14 PSD of filtered ( ruddy ) and unfiltered ( black ) signals at 1000 sample per rhythm and at a frequence of 500Hz.A signal is composed of two parts, the wanted signal and noise ( Pugh et al, 2010 ) . We consider the filtered signals from the figure above. to-do occurs when there is a deformation of devolve in the signal such can be seen in the unfiltered signal where bearing of noise is more seeable. In order to take most of the noise a low base on balls filter was used, with a cut-off frequence of 4Hz. The consequence of this showed nominal presence of noise in the system with really few deformations. It should be mention a possible beginning of noise in the system can incur from the brinies ( 50Hz and its multiples ) .From the figures above, at frequence 1 KHz, and samples of 1K, we cite white noise being present from 15Hz, with spikes at 45, 105, 205 and 265Hz. Besides at the frequence 500Hz, and samples of 1K, we observe white noise being present from 15Hz, with spikes at 50, 125, 165, 200, 285 and 365Hz. It is of import to cognize that the white noise is the most preponderating noise, and it starts at the beginning of the spectrum.5. 100 communicate SystemIn order to make a 100 channel logging system, the most suited equipment to utilize is a PXI-2575 or SCXI-1175. The National Instruments PXI-2575 and SCXI-1175 are high-density 100 channel general-purpose multiplexer switch faculties. With 198 1-wire channels or 98 2-wire channels, the NI PXI-2575 and NI SCXI-1175 are adapted of routing 100s of signals to measurement devices or from beginning units.each channel uses robust electromechanical relays and is loose of exchanging up to 100 VDC/100 VAC or 1 A. With a scanning velocity of up to 140 hertzs, the se faculties act as an first-class front-end for high-channel-count machine-controlled trial applications.Expanding the multiplexer channel count of an SCXI system is every bit easy as adding extra faculties. Analog signals can be passed between two or more SCXI-1175 switch faculties via the high electromotive force parallel backplane ( HVAB ) in an SCXI military personnel automobile trunk. Include the HVAB arrangers for a 4-slot SCXI human body ( p/n 776575-57x ) or a 12-slot human body ( 776575-58x ) to put up this capableness. With these connexions, you can immediately spread out your channels without complicated wiring ( National Instruments, 2010 )The cost of this system is set at ?1,549, which is just monetary value abandoned its versatility and easy use. Should be recommended for a telephoner/University usage instead than self intents ( unless inexpensive ) .Figure 15 The National Instruments PXI-2575 ( remaining ) and SCXI-1175 ( right )6. DecisionThe overall purpose of the experiment was accomplished as temperature was acquired at a rate of 0.001 Seconds, with a hardware filter inputted in it, holding a cut-off frequence at 4Hz, electrical capacity of 0.1AF and a opposition of 397.89 to take accompany noise signals, averaged over a scope between 100 1000 samples and so logged every 3 seconds. The dismay system displays a Low Temp subject when temperature dropped below 20 grades and a mettlesome Temp message when it rose above 30 grades centigrade and makes a beeping sound. Noise was bring down with the aid of a Low base on balls filter and farther, by averaging over a figure of samples.